Dynamic Breast MRI in the Course of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Standardized Evaluation of Tumor Size and Enhancement Parameters in Correlation to Different Histopathologic Characteristics

Schlossbauer, Thomas; Sourbron, Steven; Scholz, Anna; Mosner, Marc; Kahlert, Steffen; Böhm, Holger; Reiser, Maximilian; Hellerhoff, Karin

doi:10.1016/j.acra.2009.11.008

« Previous Next »Academic Radiology
Volume 17, Issue 4 , Pages 441-449, April 2010

Dynamic Breast MRI in the Course of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy:

Standardized Evaluation of Tumor Size and Enhancement Parameters in Correlation to Different Histopathologic Characteristics

Thomas Schlossbauer, MD
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, University of Munich LMU, Marchioninistr. 15 81377 München, Germany
- Address correspondence to: T.S.
Steven Sourbron, PhD
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, University of Munich LMU, Marchioninistr. 15 81377 München, Germany
Anna Scholz
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, University of Munich LMU, Marchioninistr. 15 81377 München, Germany
Marc Mosner, MD
- Department for Gynaecology, University of Munich LMU, Marchioninistr. 15 81377 München, Germany
Steffen Kahlert, MD
- Department for Gynaecology, University of Munich LMU, Marchioninistr. 15 81377 München, Germany
Holger Böhm, MD
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, University of Munich LMU, Marchioninistr. 15 81377 München, Germany
Maximilian Reiser, MD
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, University of Munich LMU, Marchioninistr. 15 81377 München, Germany
Karin Hellerhoff, MD
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, University of Munich LMU, Marchioninistr. 15 81377 München, Germany

Received 24 May 2009; accepted 13 November 2009.

Rationale and Objectives

Basic exploratory data analysis to evaluate enhancement and tumor size (SIZE) in contrast-enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) during chemotherapy. Correlation with histopathology (human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2/neu) status and estrogen receptor (ER) score).

Materials and Methods

Sixty-five women (mean age 47 ± 10 years) with locally advanced breast cancer (mean SIZE 25 mL) had CE-MRI (three-dimensional fast low angle shot (FLASH); repetition time = 9.1 ms, echo time = 4.8 ms, flip angle (FA) 25°, matrix size 256 × 256 pixels, field of view 350 mm, slice thickness 2 mm, number of slices = 32, one precontrast and five postcontrast series) before and after chemotherapy. Lesion segmentation and subsequent SIZE and enhancement analysis including maximum enhancement (MAX), area under the curve (AUC), time-to-peak (TTP), and maximum upslope (MUS) were performed. Correlation with histopathology (ER score and HER2/neu status).

Results

SIZE reduced significantly during therapy (25 mL vs. 5 mL, P < .0001). AUC, MAX, MUS decreased (P < .0001), TTP increased (P < .0001). SIZE and MAX were independent parameters (r² = .22). No correlation (P > .01) in any of the parameters with either ER score or HER2/neu status was found. HER2/neu score equal 2+pos. or 3+ showed significantly stronger changes in SIZE (P < .01), MAX (P < .01) and AUC (P < .05) compared to lower HER2/neu score (0 to 2+neg.).

Conclusions

From routine MRI protocol and semiquantitative analysis of signal enhancement curves, information about size, and hemodynamic status of tumors under treatment may be extracted. Reduction in size and maximum enhancement were complementary parameters. In the course of therapy, size and enhancement may develop differently in clinically relevant histopathological subgroups.

Key Words: Dynamic breast MRI, lesion enhancement, breast cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, HER2/neu status