Advertisement
Departmental administration| Volume 14, ISSUE 8, P998-1003, August 2007

The Association of Departmental Leadership Gender With That of Faculty and Residents in Radiology

      Rationale and Objectives

      Although the number of women graduating from medical school continues to increase, their representation in radiology residency programs has not increased over the past 10 years. We examined whether the gender of radiology faculty and residents differed according to the gender of the departmental leadership.

      Materials and Methods

      We issued an anonymous Web-based survey via e-mail to all 188 radiology residency program directors listed in the Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (FREIDA Online). Data regarding the gender of the department chairperson, residency program director, faculty, and residents were collected. The institutional review board granted a waiver for this study, and all subjects provided informed consent.

      Results

      Of the 84 program directors who responded, 9 (10.7%) were chaired by females and 75 (89.3%) by males; residency program director positions were held by 36 (42.9%) females and 48 (57.1%) males. More programs were located in the northeastern United States (n = 31, 36.9%) than in any other region, and more were self-described as academic (n = 36, 42.9%) than any other practice type. Programs that were led by a male chairperson had a similar proportion of female faculty (25.2% versus 27.3%; P = .322) and residents (26.2% versus 27.4%; P = .065) compared with those led by a female. Similarly, radiology departments with a male residency program director had a similar proportion of female residents (24.8% versus 28.7%; P = .055) compared with programs with a female residency program director.

      Conclusion

      The gender composition of radiology faculty and residents does not differ significantly according to the gender of the departmental chairperson or residency program director. Nevertheless, there continues to be a disparity in the representation of women among radiology faculty and residents.

      Key Words

      To read this article in full you will need to make a payment

      Purchase one-time access:

      Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online access
      One-time access price info
      • For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
      • For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'

      Subscribe:

      Subscribe to Academic Radiology
      Already a print subscriber? Claim online access
      Already an online subscriber? Sign in
      Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect

      References

        • Kaplan S.H.
        • Sullivan L.M.
        • Dukes K.A.
        • Phillips C.F.
        • Kelch R.P.
        • Schaller J.G.
        Sex differences in academic advancement.
        N Engl J Med. 1996; 335: 1282-1289
        • Nonnemaker L.
        Women physicians in academic medicine: New insights from cohort studies.
        N Engl J Med. 2000; 342: 399-405
        • Brown A.J.
        • Swinyard W.
        • Ogle J.
        Women in academic medicine: A report of focus groups and questionnaires, with conjoint analysis.
        J Womens Health. 2003; 12: 999-1008
        • Magrane D.
        • Lang J.
        • Alexander H.
        Women in U.S. Academic Medicine Statistics and Medical School Benchmarking 2005-2006. Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, D.C2006 (Available at http://www.aamc.org/members/wim/statistics/stats06/start.htm.)
        • Deitch C.H.
        • Sunshine J.H.
        • Chan W.C.
        • Shaffer K.A.
        Women in the radiology profession: Data from a 1995 national survey.
        AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1998; 170: 263-270
        • Lewis R.S.
        • Bhargavan M.
        • Sunshine J.H.
        Women radiologists in the United States: Results from the American College of Radiology’s 2003 Survey.
        Radiology. 2007; 242: 802-810
        • Vydareny K.H.
        • Waldrop S.M.
        • Jackson V.P.
        • et al.
        Career advancement of men and women in academic radiology: Is the playing field level?.
        Acad Radiol. 2000; 7: 493-501
        • Wright A.L.
        • Schwindt L.A.
        • Bassford T.L.
        • et al.
        Gender differences in academic advancement: Patterns, causes, and potential solutions in one US college of medicine.
        Acad Med. 2003; 78: 500-508
        • Ash A.S.
        • Carr P.L.
        • Goldstein R.
        • Friedman R.H.
        Compensation and advancement of women in academic medicine: Is there equity?.
        Ann Intern Med. 2004; 141: 205-212
        • Weeks W.B.
        • Wallace A.E.
        Gender differences in diagnostic radiologists’ annual incomes.
        Acad Radiol. 2006; 13: 1266-1273
        • Buckley L.M.
        • Sanders K.
        • Shih M.
        • Kallar S.
        • Hampton C.
        Obstacles to promotion?.
        Acad Med. 2000; 75: 283-288
        • Hamel M.B.
        • Ingelfinger J.R.
        • Phimister E.
        • Solomon C.G.
        Women in academic medicine: Progress and challenges.
        N Engl J Med. 2006; 355: 310-312
        • McGuire L.K.
        • Bergen M.R.
        • Polan M.L.
        Career advancement for women faculty in a US school of medicine: Perceived needs.
        Acad Med. 2004; 79: 319-325
        • Bickel J.
        • Wara D.
        • Atkinson B.F.
        • et al.
        Increasing women’s leadership in academic medicine: Report of the AAMC Project Implementation Committee.
        Acad Med. 2002; 77: 1044-1061
        • Magrane D.
        • Lang J.
        An overview of women in U.S. academic medicine, 2005-06. Association of American of Medical Colleges, Washington, D.C2006 (Available at http://www.aamc.org/data/aib/aibissues/aibvol6_no7.pdf.)
        • Cheng D.
        • Promes S.
        • Clem K.
        • Shah A.
        • Pietrobon R.
        Chairperson and faculty gender in academic emergency medicine departments.
        Acad Emerg Med. 2006; 13: 904-906
      1. Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (FRIEDA Online). American Medical Association (AMA), 2006 (Available at http://www.ama-assn.org/go/freida.)
        • Shah A.
        • Jacobs D.O.
        • Martins H.
        • et al.
        DADOS-Survey: An open-source application for CHERRIES-compliant Web surveys.
        BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2006; 6: 34
        • Eysenbach G.
        Improving the quality of Web surveys: The Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys (CHERRIES).
        J Med Internet Res. 2004; 6: e34
        • Yedidia M.J.
        • Bickel J.
        Why aren’t there more women leaders in academic medicine?.
        Acad Med. 2001; 76: 453-465
        • Vydareny K.H.
        • Waldrop S.M.
        • Jackson V.P.
        • et al.
        The road to success: factors affecting the speed of promotion of academic radiologists.
        Acad Radiol. 1999; 6: 564-569
        • Baerlocher M.O.
        • Walker M.
        Does gender impact upon application rejection rate among Canadian radiology residency applicants?.
        Can Assoc Radiol J. 2005; 56: 232-237
        • Potterton V.K.
        • Ruan S.
        • Sunshine J.H.
        • Applegate K.
        • Cypel Y.
        • Forman H.P.
        Why don’t female medical students choose diagnostic radiology?.
        J Am Coll Radiol. 2004; 1: 583-590
      2. APDR Annual Survey. Association of Program Directors in Radiology, Oak Brook, IL2006 (Available at http://www.apdr.org/directors/pdffiles/APDR_2006_Annual_Survey-report.pdf.)
      3. Resident Physician Population Data Provided to CMS. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, Chicago, IL2007 (Available at http://www.acgme.org/acWebsite/CMS/cms_index.asp.)