Rationale and Objectives
Materials and Methods
Results
Conclusion
Key Words
Abbreviations:
AY (academic year), HM (hybrid model), IP (in-person), PACS (picture archiving and communication system), RL (remote learning)INTRODUCTION
Association of American Medical Colleges. Clerkship requirements by discipline. LCME Annual Medical School Questionnaire Part II, 2011-2012 through 2019-2020. Accessed January 15, 2022. Available at:https://www.aamc.org/data-reports/curriculum-reports/interactive-data/clerkship-requirements-discipline.
- Poot J.D.
- Hartman M.S.
- Daffner R.H.
- Poot J.D.
- Hartman M.S.
- Daffner R.H.
- Dodelzon K.
- Belfi L.
- Schweitzer A.D.
- Lamparello N.
- Legasto A.C.
- Adams C.C.
- Shih R.
- Peterson P.G.
- Lee M.H.
- Heltzel D.A.
- Lattin Jr., G.E.
- Goldenson R.P.
- Avery L.L.
- Gill R.R.
- et al.
March 17, 2020 | Association of American Medical College press release addressing medical student participation on clinical rotations |
March 17, 2020 | Suspension of in-person clinical involvement for second-year medical students |
March 17, 2020 | First day of radiology clerkship under a remote learning model |
June 15, 2020 | Re-immersion of second-year medical students into in-person clinical environments |
August 21, 2020 | Final day of radiology clerkship under a remote learning model |
August 24, 2020 | First day of radiology clerkship under a hybrid model (ongoing) |
- Adams C.C.
- Shih R.
- Peterson P.G.
- Lee M.H.
- Heltzel D.A.
- Lattin Jr., G.E.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Structure of the Traditional IP Clerkship
Structure of the RL Clerkship
Structure of the HM Clerkship


Return to the Reading Room: IP Elements of the HM Clerkship
In-Person Subrotations
Virtualizing Radiology Education: RL Elements of the HM Clerkship
Prerecorded Lectures and Virtual Didactics
Interactive Chest Workshops
Interactive Mock Dictation Session

Case Presentations and Mid-Clerkship Review
Methods of Clerkship Analysis
RESULTS
Student Enrollment
Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | |
---|---|---|---|
Date Range | August 22, 2016 to March 16, 2020 | March 17, 2020 to August 21, 2020 | August 24, 2020 to August 20, 2021 |
Total Student Enrollment | 371 | 71 | 107 |
Number of Block Rotations | 42 | 6 | 12 |
Course Outcomes

Student Satisfaction



Student Recommendations
I recognize that readout schedules vary in frequency and duration, but it felt disappointing when my only exposure to certain services was a brief virtual readout in which teaching/asking questions was not incorporated, and I primarily watched passively |
It was difficult to stay engaged and learn over zoom. Sometimes attendings wouldn't remember to call the med students, or the readouts happened so quickly there weren't great learning opportunities. |
the Webex readouts were often not an effective teaching tool because they are meant for the residents and there doesn't seem to be adequate time/space to teach medical students in that space |
Virtual readouts are difficult. The one opportunity I was given to readout with the attending in person was so helpful to have someone point things out on the screen and directly engage with me. I felt safe doing this, as it was just two of us at a computer with masks on. |
DISCUSSION
Abdominal | Breast | Cardiothoracic | General Concepts |
---|---|---|---|
Abdominal lymphoma * Exclusively presented in recorded lecture content. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CXR, chest x-ray/radiograph; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; US, ultrasound; XR, x-ray/radiography; BRTO, balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration; IR, interventional radiology; TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; PET, positron emission tomography; NRDS, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Acute and inflammatory colitis Acute appendicitis Acute cholecystitis Acute diverticulitis Acute pancreatitis Biliary diseases and workup * Exclusively presented in recorded lecture content. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CXR, chest x-ray/radiograph; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; US, ultrasound; XR, x-ray/radiography; BRTO, balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration; IR, interventional radiology; TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; PET, positron emission tomography; NRDS, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Bowel obstruction vs. ileus Deep venous thrombosis Ectopic pregnancy Gallstones and renal stones Hepatic metastases * Exclusively presented in recorded lecture content. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CXR, chest x-ray/radiograph; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; US, ultrasound; XR, x-ray/radiography; BRTO, balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration; IR, interventional radiology; TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; PET, positron emission tomography; NRDS, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma * Exclusively presented in recorded lecture content. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CXR, chest x-ray/radiograph; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; US, ultrasound; XR, x-ray/radiography; BRTO, balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration; IR, interventional radiology; TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; PET, positron emission tomography; NRDS, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Pneumatosis intestinalis Pneumoperitoneum Sigmoid volvulus | General overview of breast imaging modalities Screening, diagnostic, and interventional principles | Acute alveolar processes * Exclusively presented in recorded lecture content. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CXR, chest x-ray/radiograph; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; US, ultrasound; XR, x-ray/radiography; BRTO, balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration; IR, interventional radiology; TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; PET, positron emission tomography; NRDS, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Aortic aneurysm Aortic dissection Atelectasis Congestive heart failure COPD Lines and tubes on CXR Pleural effusion Pneumomediastinum * Exclusively presented in recorded lecture content. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CXR, chest x-ray/radiograph; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; US, ultrasound; XR, x-ray/radiography; BRTO, balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration; IR, interventional radiology; TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; PET, positron emission tomography; NRDS, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Pneumoperitoneum Pneumothorax Pulmonary hypertension Pulmonary foreign bodies Pneumonia vs. contusion Rib fracture Sarcoidosis Signs on thoracic imaging * Exclusively presented in recorded lecture content. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CXR, chest x-ray/radiograph; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; US, ultrasound; XR, x-ray/radiography; BRTO, balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration; IR, interventional radiology; TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; PET, positron emission tomography; NRDS, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. | Basic principles of CT, fluoroscopy, MRI, US, and XR Basic principles of pediatric imaging Cross-sectional CT anatomy |
Interventional | Musculoskeletal | Nuclear | Pediatric |
BRTO * Exclusively presented in recorded lecture content. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CXR, chest x-ray/radiograph; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; US, ultrasound; XR, x-ray/radiography; BRTO, balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration; IR, interventional radiology; TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; PET, positron emission tomography; NRDS, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Gastrointestinal bleeding General IR terminology and patient workup * Exclusively presented in recorded lecture content. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CXR, chest x-ray/radiograph; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; US, ultrasound; XR, x-ray/radiography; BRTO, balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration; IR, interventional radiology; TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; PET, positron emission tomography; NRDS, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Pulmonary emboli TIPS * Exclusively presented in recorded lecture content. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CXR, chest x-ray/radiograph; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; US, ultrasound; XR, x-ray/radiography; BRTO, balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration; IR, interventional radiology; TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; PET, positron emission tomography; NRDS, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. | Fracture basics Spine anatomy on radiographs * Exclusively presented in recorded lecture content. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CXR, chest x-ray/radiograph; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; US, ultrasound; XR, x-ray/radiography; BRTO, balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration; IR, interventional radiology; TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; PET, positron emission tomography; NRDS, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. | General principles in nuclear medicine and PET Medical radiation physics Overview of radiation oncology * Exclusively presented in recorded lecture content. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CXR, chest x-ray/radiograph; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; US, ultrasound; XR, x-ray/radiography; BRTO, balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration; IR, interventional radiology; TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; PET, positron emission tomography; NRDS, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. | Annular pancreas Bowel atresia and stenosis Bowel obstruction workup Hirschsprung disease Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis Intussusception Meconium aspiration Meconium ileus Midgut volvulus Necrotizing enterocolitis NRDS Pediatric lines and tubes Pulmonary interstitial edema Small left colon syndrome |
- Adams C.C.
- Shih R.
- Peterson P.G.
- Lee M.H.
- Heltzel D.A.
- Lattin Jr., G.E.
CONCLUSION
Acknowledgments
Funding
Authors’ contributions
Citations
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